What Is An Interview? Definition, Types And Tips For Freshers

11 mins read

Interviews can be nerve-wracking as they play a crucial role in determining job success. Being thoroughly prepared can help you make a positive impact on the person conducting the interview. Want to know what happens in an interview and how to succeed?

Get ready to ace interviews and land your dream job! This article delves into the specifics of interviews, emphasizing their significance in the hiring process.

What Is Interview & Its Purpose Explained  

To begin with, let us understand the definition and the purpose of an interview: 

Definition

An interview is a structured conversation or meeting between two or more parties, typically conducted to assess qualifications, suitability, or compatibility for a specific purpose. In most cases, an interview involves the interviewer posing questions to the interviewee, who then responds based on his/ her knowledge, experience, and personal attributes. 

Purpose Of Interview

Interviews can serve various purposes, including job selection, admission to educational programs, research data collection, journalistic inquiries, and interpersonal interactions. It can take place in different forms depending on the circumstances and preferences. 

Important Criteria Of Interview

Interviews evaluate candidates based on various criteria, including the ones listed below.

Determining if the applicant matches the company's work environment is essential.

It's crucial to assess whether a candidate fits into the company's work culture. This evaluation is key to avoiding conflicts and ensuring a harmonious environment where employees can easily adhere to company policies and guidelines. Ultimately, it contributes to fostering a positive workplace atmosphere.

Assessing the candidate's possession of the necessary skills

Throughout different stages of an interview, it becomes clear whether the candidate has the required skills for the job. This assessment is important because it ensures that the company chooses the most capable person for the role.

Reviewing the CV to confirm its alignment with the job requirements

During the interview process, the hiring team evaluates if the candidate's skills and experience align with their resume. They identify any discrepancies and evaluate the candidate in multiple interview rounds to pinpoint potential issues.

Characteristics Of Interview

The characteristics of an interview collectively define the nature and purpose of an interview, serving as a valuable tool for communication, assessment, and decision-making in various contexts. Here are some key characteristics of an interview:

Two or More Participants: An interview involves at least two participants - the interviewer(s) and the interviewee(s).

Structured Format: Interviews typically follow a structured format, with predefined questions or topics to guide the conversation.

Purposeful Interaction: The interaction in an interview serves a specific purpose, such as assessing qualifications, gathering information, or making decisions.

Information Exchange: Interviews facilitate the exchange of information between the interviewer(s) and the interviewee(s), allowing both parties to learn more about each other.

Question-Response Format: Interviews typically involve one party asking questions and the other responding, though there may be opportunities for dialogue and discussion.

Goal-Oriented: Interviews are conducted with specific goals, such as evaluating suitability for a job, assessing qualifications for admission, or gathering research data.

Dynamic Interaction: Interviews are dynamic interactions where participants align their communication style and responses based on the flow of the conversation.

Nonverbal Communication: During an interview, nonverbal cues of the interviewee, such as body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice, play an essential role in interviews, conveying additional information beyond verbal responses.

Time-Bound: Interviews are typically conducted within a specific timeframe, with a beginning, middle, and end, to ensure efficiency and manage expectations.

Evaluation and Decision-Making: Interviews often result in assessments or decisions based on the information gathered, such as selecting a candidate for a job or making admissions decisions. 

Types Of Interview Approach 

Let us study the types of approaches used in interviews. There are two kinds of approaches used during an interview:  

Individual interviews (one-on-one): Interviews involve one-on-one sessions between the interviewer and the candidate. These interviews allow for a thorough evaluation of the candidate, leading to a more precise assessment.

Group interviews: Group interviews are held when several job seekers apply for a position, making the hiring process faster. Candidates undergo screening and selection before moving on to one-on-one interviews with potential employers.

Stages Of An Interview

Let us study how interviews are scheduled and formatted accordingly: 

Initial Screening Of Shortlisted Applicants: Shortlisted applicants receive a call to have their resumes screened. This initial contact may involve a brief phone conversation to gather necessary information from the candidate. Following this, the recruitment team evaluates the details obtained to determine if the candidate will proceed to subsequent interview stages.

Assessment Of Candidate Skills: The candidate's technical skills are evaluated at this point in the process. Interviewers will pose questions related to the candidate's skills, which may occur in a face-to-face or video format. Multiple rounds may be conducted to assess the candidate's technical abilities thoroughly.

Salary Negotiation & Employment Terms: Following the interviews, the HR team contacts the selected candidate for discussions regarding salary and employment conditions.

Types Of Interview

Now, let's explore the various types of interviews that are used during interviews: 

Personal Interview

In a face-to-face meeting called an individual interview, a recruiter meets with a candidate to assess their suitability for a job and company culture. Common questions like "Tell me about yourself" and "What are your professional achievements?" are often asked during such interviews.

Panel Interview

In this kind of interview, several interviewers evaluate the candidate. They ask various questions about skills and future goals. Professionals from the team may participate and evaluate the candidate in different ways. The decision is made collectively. These interviews focus on observing the candidate's skills and body language closely.

Structured Interview

During these interviews, all candidates are asked a standard set of questions by the interviewers. The questions can either be open-ended, allowing for multiple answers, or close-ended, requiring only one answer. In this type of interview, candidates are evaluated based on how they respond to these questions. The interviewer then compares the candidates using their answers.

Unstructured Interview

During an interview, the questions asked by the interviewer can vary depending on how the candidate responds. There is no fixed pattern, and a wide range of unexpected questions may be posed. The interviewer might come prepared with their own set of questions or formulate them as the interview progresses.

Stress Interview

Interviews can be tough as they test how you handle stress. Employers want to see if you can react positively under pressure, especially for demanding job roles.

Case Interview

During an interview, the interviewer presents a scenario along with a specific issue for you to address. This problem could be fictional or based on a real-life situation. Your task is to propose a solution to resolve the issue. The purpose of this exercise is to evaluate your problem-solving abilities.

Off-site Interview

Informal interviews take place outside the office, often in a different location, like a restaurant where the candidate and interviewer meet. These interviews are arranged to evaluate your personal qualities in a non-work setting.

Informational Interview

In these interviews, the goal is to understand the real-life experiences of professionals working in an area that interests the interviewer. This type of interview involves seeking advice and insights about a particular industry, job, or employer. It provides an opportunity for interviewers to expand their knowledge by speaking with experts from various fields.

Working Interview

In a working interview, instead of the usual question and answer session, job seekers are given a task to perform. The employer evaluates their performance in this task. This type of interview allows candidates to demonstrate their practical skills rather than just talking about their theoretical knowledge. It also gives the job seeker an opportunity to experience the actual duties and responsibilities of the job they are applying for.

Exit Interview

Exit interviews are different from other types of interviews because they help companies understand why employees decide to leave their jobs. Employers conduct these interviews to hear about the experiences employees had while working at the company. By listening to this feedback, the company can identify areas for improvement in its processes.

Testing Or Task Oriented Interview

In this kind of interview, you'll be given tasks and exercises to showcase your problem-solving skills creatively and analytically. These could involve short tests to gauge your technical knowledge and abilities. The interviewer will observe how well you handle pressure by assigning a variety of tasks.

Interview Tips For Freshers

Research the Company: Familiarize yourself with the company's history, values, products/services, and recent news. This demonstrates your interest and enthusiasm for the role.

Review Your Resume: Practice articulating how your background aligns with the job requirements as a detailed discussion of your resume highlighting your relevant skills, experiences, and achievements is expected during an interview. 

Prepare Your Own Questions: Think of insightful questions to ask the interviewer about the company, the role, and the team. This shows your interest and engagement in the opportunity.

Dress Appropriately: Choose an attire that is appropriate and reflects company culture. Dressing neatly and conservatively can help you make a positive first impression.

Arrive Early: Make sure to arrive at least 10-15 minutes early for the interview to allow for any unexpected delays. Punctuality reflects your reliability and respect for the interviewer's time.

Practice Nonverbal Communication: Be mindful of keeping eye contact, sitting up straight, and offering a firm handshake. Positive nonverbal cues can enhance your overall impression.

Be Confident and Positive: Approach the interview with confidence and a positive attitude. Show enthusiasm for the opportunity and demonstrate your eagerness to contribute to the company's success.

Listen Carefully: Listen attentively to the interviewer's questions and ask for clarification if needed.

Follow-up: Remember to send a thank-you email or note to the interviewer(s), showing your gratitude for the opportunity and reiterating your interest in the position.

Mistakes To Avoid In Job Interview

Avoiding mistakes is essential for interview success. Let's examine the errors to avoid in an interview:

• Steer clear of pointing fingers at your past bosses, coworkers, or workplaces. Doing so can make you seem irresponsible and create a negative impression on the interviewer.

• It's important to be ready with information about the company you're interviewing with. If you appear unaware, it may give the impression that you lack interest in learning about the organization.

• During an interview, refrain from fidgeting with items as it indicates a lack of confidence and inability to concentrate.

• Avoid constantly looking at the clock as it may convey that you have other commitments that are more significant, leading to the impression that you do not value the interview highly.

Questions You Might Ask Your Interviewer

After the interview, you might have the chance to ask questions. Make sure to take advantage of this opportunity to gain valuable insights from the interviewer. Use the insights to determine if the company and job role align with your preferences. Feel free to inquire about specific company details or job responsibilities during this time.

Here are some sample questions that you can ask your interviewer(s):

• How would you describe the company culture?

• What opportunities for growth and advancement are available within the company?

• Can you tell me more about the team I'll be working with?

• Can you walk me through the onboarding process?

Closing Thoughts

You've now grasped the essence of interviews, delved into various types, and learned how to ace them. Understanding the nuances and preparing for an interview can set you apart in your job search. Companies are looking for candidates who showcase their skills confidently and authentically. 

By following these insights, you're one step closer to landing your dream job. Now armed with valuable knowledge on interviews, it's time to put it into practice. Tailor your approach, hone your skills, and go ace that interview! 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the purpose of an interview?

An interview is a crucial step in the hiring process, where employers evaluate candidates to assess their qualifications, skills, and cultural fit for a position.

2. How should I prepare for a job interview?

To prepare effectively for a job interview, research the company, practice common interview questions, dress professionally, and bring copies of your resume.

3. What are the different types of interviews?

Common interview types include behavioural interviews, case interviews, group interviews, phone interviews, and panel interviews - each designed to assess different aspects of candidates' abilities and personalities.

4. Why is it important to understand what companies seek in candidates?

Understanding what companies seek in candidates allows you to tailor your responses during interviews to highlight how your skills and experiences align with the organization's needs and values.

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